The creation of renewable energy, seen the way the oil and natural gas, is an issue that becomes increasingly more important. The creation of fuels from waste, to be an always-available input fits within these, more and more necessary, renewable energy.
For the production of this type of fuel is recommended the use of raw materials that are low-cost. You must ensure a good profitability and be in line with the projects of improvement of the environment. With all surplus world foodstuffs only could occur bioethanol to replace 1% of oil consumption, which would be unsustainable, so continue research to find materials for the production of biofuels derived also from other products, such as algae.
If we think that the world's population will have grown about 7 million people by 2050, the demand for energy and water increase significantly also, so it is of utmost importance the creation of ecological alternatives. Within these alternatives we find the biofuel, which is a liquid or gaseous fuel obtained from biomass. Multitude of raw materials such as forest residues, waste from food industries, tires out of use, etc. are used to create synthetic diesel or biodiesel , and it would replace conventional diesel.It is ethanol, which is created from organic waste, and to replace the gasoline.
The organic waste that exists anywhere in the world and whose existence has been a growing problem, is being used in our country for the production of ethanol by the urban solid waste organic fraction, FORSU, formed by paper, vegetables, food and wood.
The process by which takes this place consists of several phases:
The FORSU physico pretreatment aims to break or despolimerizar cellulose chains to facilitate the access to the enzymes against.Saccharification and fermentation simultaneous: mixing with enzymes and yeasts.Distillation: from the alcoholic mixture Gets a first concentrated ethanol in water.Dehydration: Gets the ethanol with a purity of almost 100% that is suitable for use in automotive engines.
The results are 160 liters of ethanol per ton of raw material.
In any case, the feasibility of fuel depends on that their prices will prove profitable in relation to oil. In addition, according to some studies, biofuels could dismiss nine times more carbon dioxide than fossil fuels, so that we must cautiously this new type of renewable energy.
